Introduction
The Sunyani Municipal Assembly is one of the 260 Metropolitan, Municipal and District Assemblies (MMDAs) in Ghana, and forms part of the 12 of Municipalities and Districts in the Bono Region with the capital as Sunyani. The Municipality was established on 10th March, 1989 by a legislative instrument (LI) 1473. This was the period Ghana adopted the District Assembly concept. The overall goal is to accelerate growth and development in the Municipality.
Functions
The Sunyani Municipal Assembly exists to perform deliberative, legislative and executive functions; as spelt out in the Local Government Act, Act 462 of 1993.
1. The Assembly is responsible for the overall development of the Municipality and to ensure
the preparation and submission through the regional co-ordinating council;
a. development plans of the Municipality to the National Development Planning
Commission for approval, and
b. the budget of the Municipality related to the approved plans to the Minister responsible
for Finance for approval;
c. formulate and execute plans, programmes and strategies for the effective mobilisation of
the resources necessary for the overall development of the Municipality;
d. promote and support productive activity and social development in the Municipality and
remove any obstacles to initiative and development;
e. initiate programmes for the development of basic infrastructure and provide municipal
works and services in the Municipality
f. is responsible for the development, improvement and management of human settlements
and the environment in the Municipality
g. is responsible in co-operation with the appropriate national and local security agencies,
for the maintenance of security and public safety in the Municipality
h. ensure ready access to Courts in the Municipality for the promotion of justice;
i. initiate, sponsor or carry out studies that are necessary for the performance of a function
conferred by this Act or by any other enactment; and perform any other functions
provided for under any other enactment.
2. Subject to Act 462 and to government policy, a Municipal Assembly shall take the steps and
measures that are necessary and expedient to execute approved development plans for the
Municipality;
a. guide, encourage and support sub- Municipality local government bodies, public agencies
and local communities to discharge their roles in the execution of approved development
plans;
b. initiate and encourage joint participation with any other persons or bodies to execute
approved development plans;
c. promote or encourage other persons or bodies to undertake projects under approved
development plans; and
d. monitor the execution of projects under approved development plans and assess and
evaluate their impact on the people's development, the local, Municipality and national
economy.
The Municipal Assembly co-ordinates, integrate and harmonise the execution of programmes
and projects under approved development plans for the Municipality, any and other development
programmes promoted or carried out by Ministries, departments, public corporations and any
other statutory bodies and non-governmental organisations in the Municipality
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Vision
To be a reputable Local Authority that promptly provides the socio-economic needs of the people.
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Mission
The Assembly exists to work in collaboration civil society organizations and community leaders to improve access and quality to basic social and economic services to create a conducive environment for wealth creation and to empower the people to effectively participate in local governance.
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Participation Of The Citizenry
Governance in the Municipality is participatory. The general Assembly meets at least three times annually and deliberates on matters affecting the Municipality. Dialogue between the citizenry, communities and traditional council is encouraging. Public/ Open forums are held annually to make the public aware of development programmes and activities, current situations in the Municipality and also solicits their views on state of affairs. The Traditional Authorities have their representatives in the General Assembly, the Municipal Statutory Planning Committee, and the Census Implementation Committee.
The Municipal Assembly has initiated processes to enhance the following aspects within the Municipality;
a. Improved private public partnership in development.
b. Strengthened Institutional Capacity with Assembly.
c. Enhanced Community participation in decision making, Planning, implementation and monitoring of development programmes.
d. Adequate Security for residents.
e. Reduced Chieftaincy and Land Disputes.
f. Improved internally generated revenue.
g. Improved Debt Management.
h. Improved Financial Management.
i. Ensure safe and sustainable environment
There are more than Twenty (20) NGOs, CBOs and CSOs which collaborate with the Assembly mainly advocacy, child development, health and population, water and sanitation, micro credit, capacity building, women development, environmental issues and disaster management. Below is a table showing various organisations grouped under their areas of operation in the Municipality. -
Accountability
To ensure accountability and transparency in the Municipality, the following committees have been established to oversee procurement of goods, works and services. They are:
a. The Municipal Tender Committee
b. The Municipal Tender Review Board
c. The Municipal Tender Evaluation Committee
All these Committees are functioning as prescribed by the Public Procurement Act, ACT 633 Again the Assembly has in place programmes to ensure social accountability. These include;
a. The publication of Annual Accounts
b. Publication of annual progress reports
c. The publication of annual budgets and fee fixing resolutions -
Location, Size and Demographic
Sunyani Municipality is one of the twelve (12) Administrative Districts in the Bono Region of Ghana. It lies between Latitudes 7 0 20’N and 70 05’N and Longitudes 2 0 30’W and 2 0 10’W and shares boundaries with Sunyani West Municipality to the North, Dormaa East District to the West, Asutifi District to the South and Tano North District to the East. There are effective economic and social interactions with the neighbouring districts which promote resource flow among these districts.It has a projected total population of 147,982 in 2018.
The Municipality has a total land area of 829.3 square kilometres (320.1square miles). Sunyani also serves as the Regional Capital for Bono Region. One third of the total land area is arable lands for agricultural investment. Sunyani, the Municipal capital is growing rapidly in terms of size and business to engulf suburbs of Fiapre and Odomase in the Sunyani West Municipality. It is also a clean and well maintained city with a thriving economy.
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Population Size and Growth Rate.
In 2000 the population of Sunyani Municipality was 101,145. Currently, the population of the Municipality has increased to 123,224 (2010 PHC) with a growth rate of 2.3 percent.. The growth rate of Sunyani compared with the regional rate of 2.3 and the national growth rate of 2.5 percent indicates a lower but significant growth rate. This has contributed to pressure on the available facilities. It is therefore required that development authorities intervene to reduce this pressure.
Rural Urban Split
The population in the Municipality is generally concentrated in the three largest localities (Sunyani, Abesim and New Dormaa) which hold about 83 percent of the population, with only 17 percent distributed among the other settlements. Sunyani, the Municipal Capital, accommodates about 60% of the total population. The current concentration has been associated with problems of congestion and slum growth. -
Climate
The Municipality falls within the Wet Semi-Equatorial Climatic Zone of Ghana. The monthly temperatures vary between 23ºC and 33ºC with the lowest around August and the highest being observed around March and April. The relative humidifies are high averaging between 75 and 80 percent during the rainy seasons and below 70 percent during the dry seasons of the year which is ideal for luxurious vegetative growth. The average rainfall for Sunyani between 2010 and 2013 is 88.99cm. Sunyani experiences double maxima rainfall pattern. The main rainy season is between March and September with the minor between October and December. This offers two farming seasons in a year which supports higher agricultural production in the municipality. However, the rainfall pattern of the Municipality is decreasing over the years as a result of deforestation resulting from human activities.
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Vegetation
Sunyani Municipality falls largely within the Moist – Semi Deciduous Forest Vegetation Zone. Most of the primary vegetation can be found in patches around the north-west, east and southern parts of the Municipality. These include the Yaya and the Amoma forest reserves. This vegetation zone also contains most of the valuable timber species. As indicated by the characteristics of the vegetation cover, tree crops such as cocoa and citrus thrive well in this zone. As a result of lumbering and farming practices, most of the forest areas have been degraded. Re- forestation is therefore being undertaken in the forest reserves to reverse the trend.
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Relief and drainage
The topography of the municipality is fairly flat thus suitable for large scale agricultural mechanisation. Cost of constructing houses and roads is relatively minimal due to the nature of the topography. The drainage is basically dendritic with several streams and rivers, notably Tano, Amoma, Kankam, Benu, Yaya, and Bisi. Most of the water bodies are seasonal. This often creates water shortages in the Municipality during the dry season for both domestic and agricultural purposes.
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Conditions of the Environment
The major problem confronting the natural environment in the Municipality is land degradation. Bushfires contributes significantly to the destruction of environment. This stemmed from slash and burn traditional methods of farming. Scramble for fertile land to cultivate cash crop, timber logging are the other key activities that have degraded the land. This has resulted in low soil fertility and the continuous demand for crops which originally did not require fertilizer.
Urbanisation has also affected the conditions of the environment in the area. Many fertile land areas had been turned into residential areas. Apparently the direction of residential development is towards the East, West and South that is Atronie Road-Asufufu, Adomako, Kwaware, Baakoniaba, Kumasi and Techiman roads. This may suggest the need to provide more social services for these areas. -
Environment, Climatic Change and Green Economy
The incidence of climate change in the country manifesting in sudden changes in weather pattern, erratic rainfall among others with their adverse effect give cause for concern and measures should be put in place to mitigate the harmful effects. The haphazard construction of houses especially on water ways and wetlands/flood prone areas, deforestation, improper layouts, excessive emission of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere are among the numerous factors that have worsened the situation.
Due to all these the Municipal Assembly has outlined the following measures to address the situation;
1. To consider environmental impact on all human and development activities before embarking on them.
2. To continually educate the public on climate change and its impact on development
3. To adopt measures to control bushfires
4. Enforce building control regulations
5. To encourage irrigation farming
6. To enforce environmental sanitation standards
7. Tree planting and land scrapping to be encourage on all our construction sites where appropriate.
8. To teach climate change as a subject in our schools
9. To enforce the conservation of our wetlands.
10. To check deforestation and illegal mining. -
Culture
The Sunyani Traditional Council is composed of 22 divisional and sub chiefs and is headed by the Omanhene. There are about 27 settlements under the jurisdiction of the Sunyani Traditional Council. The Traditional Council is the Traditional Authority of the people. And it is responsible for mobilizing its people for development The Council has recorded a dispute free chieftaincy system for over 15years now resulting in the peaceful atmosphere of the Municipality. The council serves as the centre for dispute resolution and arbitration in the traditional area. In addition to Sunyani Traditional Council, there are other sub traditional areas like Abesim, (which is part of Dormaa Traditional Council) and Atronie. This development has contributed immensely to investment attraction and opportunities in the Municipality.
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Governance
The Sunyani Municipal Assembly is responsible for administration and development of the municipality. The Assembly has three administrative councils namely Sunyani, Abesim and Atronie. The Assembly’s mandate is enshrined in the 1992 Constitution of Ghana and other key legislations such as the Local Government Act 1993 (Act 462).
Sunyani Municipal Assembly is made up of Municipal Chief executive, 30 elected,16 appointed members and a member of parliament. The Assembly meets periodically to formulate policies, make bye-laws, and approve decisions on issues brought before it by the Executive Committee. There are 7 Sub-committees.
The municipality has 67 Unit Committees in the 3 Administrative Councils. To operationalize the policy decisions and day to day activities of the Assembly. The Municipal Assembly has 13 departments and specialized agencies such as specalised agencies such National Commission Civic Education, Commission on human rights and Administrative Justice etc that assist to initiate and implement day to day decisions of the Assembly. The central beauracracy is headed by a has Municipal Co-ordinating Director -
Economy of the Municipality
The Municipal economy is predominantly agrarian with 40 % engaged in agriculture while the rest are distributed in service, commerce and industry